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Matlock, Derbyshire
Matlock is the county town of Derbyshire, England. It is situated at the south eastern edge of the Peak District. The town is twinned with the French town Eaubonne. The former spa resort Matlock Bath lies immediately south of the town on the A6. The civil parish of Matlock Town had a population in the 2011 UK census of 9,543.〔 The population of the wider Matlock urban area is approximately 20,000 (including Darley Dale, Tansley, Hackney and Matlock Bath). The Matlock area is considered to include Wirksworth, owing to the close proximity of the towns. This would bring the area's population closer to 30,000.
Matlock is nine miles (14 km) south-west of Chesterfield, and in easy reach of the cities of Derby (19 miles), Sheffield (20 miles), and Nottingham (29 miles); the Greater Manchester conurbation is 30 miles away. Matlock, in west Derbyshire, is within the Derbyshire Dales which includes the towns of Bakewell and Ashbourne, as well as Wirksworth. The headquarters of the Derbyshire County Council are contained within it.
==History==
A former spa town, Matlock (from the Old English for Moot Oak〔(Matlock ) ''A Key To English Placenames'', English Place Name Society database〕) lies on the River Derwent, and has prospered from both the hydrotherapy industry and the cloth mills constructed on the river and its tributary Bentley Brook.
It was an unimportant collection of small villages in the ''Wirksworth Hundred'' — Matlock Town, Matlock Green, Matlock Bridge, Matlock Bank — until thermal springs were discovered in 1698. The population increased rapidly in the 1800s, largely because of the popular hydros which were being built.〔. See downloadable attachments at bottom of page.〕 At one stage there were around twenty hydros, mostly on Matlock Bank, the largest built in 1853 by John Smedley.〔〔 This closed in 1955,〔 and re-opened in 1956〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Matlock County Hall )〕 as the headquarters of the Derbyshire County Council. Matlock is also home to the Derbyshire Dales District Council as well as Matlock Town council.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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